![]() ![]() By the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, educated Vietnamese called themselves and their people as nguoi viet and nguoi nam, which combined to become nguoi viet nam (Vietnamese people). The term Baiyue/Bách Việt first appeared in the book Lüshi Chunqiu compiled around 239 BC. From the third century BC the term was used for the non-Chinese populations of south and southwest China and northern Vietnam, with particular ethnic groups called Minyue, Ouyue, Luoyue (Vietnamese: Lạc Việt), etc., collectively called the Baiyue (Bách Việt, Chinese: 百越 pinyin: Bǎiyuè Cantonese Yale: Baak Yuet Vietnamese: Bách Việt "Hundred Yue/Viet" ). Between the seventh and fourth centuries BC Yue/Việt referred to the State of Yue in the lower Yangtze basin and its people. In the early eighth century BC, a tribe on the middle Yangtze were called the Yangyue, a term later used for peoples further south. At that time it referred to a people or chieftain to the northwest of the Shang. The term " Việt" (Yue) ( Chinese: 越 pinyin: Yuè Cantonese Yale: Yuht Wade–Giles: Yüeh 4 Vietnamese: Việt) in Early Middle Chinese was first written using the logograph "戉" for an axe (a homophone), in oracle bone and bronze inscriptions of the late Shang dynasty ( c. The name Việt Nam ( Vietnamese pronunciation:, chữ Hán: 越南) is a variation of Nam Việt ( 南越 literally "Southern Việt"), a name that can be traced back to the Triệu dynasty of the second century BC. 10.3 Sun, moon, auspicious clouds, and the Yin-Yang symbolĪ Việt Nam Nguyên Bảo (越南元寶) gold sycee of 10 taels produced during the Minh Mạng period.6.2 Vietnamisation of ethnic minorities.6.1 Culture and Cultural Discrimination.2.4 French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin (1883–1945). ![]() 2.3.4 War with Siam and invasion of Cambodia.2.3.3 Rise and expansion under Minh Mạng.2.2.8 Franco-Nguyễn alliance against Tây Sơn.2.2.7 Qing China - Lê alliance against Tây Sơn.2.2.4 Chinese Vietnamese support for Nguyễn Ánh.2.2.1 The end of the Nguyễn lords' reign.This ended the 143-year rule of the Nguyễn dynasty. It ended with Bảo Đại's abdication following the surrender of Japan and August Revolution by the anti-colonial Việt Minh in the August 1945. The Empire of Vietnam under Emperor Bảo Đại was a nominally independent Japanese puppet state during the last months of the war. Japan had occupied Indochina with French collaboration in 1940, but as the war seemed increasingly lost, overthrew the French administration in March 1945 and proclaimed independence for its constituent countries. The Nguyễn dynasty remained the formal emperors of Annam and Tonkin within Indochina until World War II. In 1887, Cochinchina, Annam, Tonkin, and the French Protectorate of Cambodia were grouped together to form French Indochina. Finally, the 18 Treaties of Huế divided the remaining Vietnamese territory into the protectorates of Annam and Tonkin under nominal Nguyễn Phúc rule. #Jade dynasty 2019 eng sub seriesA series of unequal treaties followed the occupied territory became the French colony of Cochinchina in the 1862 Treaty of Saigon, and the 1863 Treaty of Huế gave France access to Vietnamese ports and increased control of its foreign affairs. The Nguyễn dynasty was gradually absorbed by France over the course of several decades in the latter half of the 19th century, beginning with the Cochinchina Campaign in 1858 which led to the occupation of the southern area of Vietnam. The dynastic rule began with Gia Long ascending the throne in 1802, after ending the previous Tây Sơn dynasty. The Nguyễn Phúc family established feudal rule over large amounts of territory as the Nguyễn Lords by the 16th century before defeating the Tây Sơn dynasty and establishing their own imperial rule in the 19th century. ![]() After 1883, the Nguyễn emperors ruled nominally as heads of state of the French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin until the final months of WWII they later nominally ruled over the Empire of Vietnam until the Japanese surrender. During its existence, the empire expanded into modern-day southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos through a continuation of the centuries-long Nam tiến and Siamese–Vietnamese wars. The Nguyễn dynasty ( Chữ Nôm: 茹阮, Vietnamese: Nhà Nguyễn Chữ Hán: 阮朝, Vietnamese: Nguyễn triều) was the last Vietnamese dynasty, which ruled the unified Vietnamese state largely independently from 1802 to 1884. ![]()
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